![]() IBGP uses extended community attributes in a common routing table to differentiate the customers' routes with overlapping IP addresses. Routes across the provider backbone network are maintained using an interior gateway protocol – typically iBGP. The backbone network is completely transparent to the customer equipment, allowing multiple customers or user communities to use the common backbone network while maintaining end-to-end traffic separation. The destination PE router then decapsulates the traffic and forwards it to the CE router at the destination. The PE router then encapsulates the traffic, marks it to identify the VRF instance, and transmits it across the provider backbone network to the destination PE router. In a typical deployment, customer edge (CE) routers handle local routing in a traditional fashion and disseminate routing information into the provider edge (PE) where the routing tables are virtualized. ![]() They are also appropriate in the large enterprise, multi-tenant and shared data center environments. IP VPNs have been traditionally deployed by carriers to provide a shared wide-area backbone network for multiple customers. In this implementation, a core backbone network is responsible for the transmission of data across the wide area between VRF instances at each edge location. The scaling limitations of VRF Lite are resolved by the implementation of IP VPNs. This is the historical explanation of the term VRF Lite: usage of VRFs without MPLS.Įxample of a global and VRF Routing table summary with different routes/ routing protocol Full implementation VRFs were initially introduced in combination with Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS), but VRF proved to be so useful that it eventually evolved to live independent of MPLS. While simple to deploy and appropriate for small to medium enterprises and shared data centers, VRF Lite does not scale to the size required by global enterprises or large carriers, as there is the need to implement each VRF instance on every router, including intermediate routers. In this implementation, each router within the network participates in the virtual routing environment in a peer-based fashion. The simplest form of VRF implementation is VRF-Lite. Network functionality is improved because network paths can be segmented without requiring multiple routers. Because the routing instances are independent, the same or overlapping IP addresses can be used without conflicting with each other. ![]() VRFs are the TCP/IP layer 3 equivalent of a VLAN. Therefore, the packets are only forwarded between interfaces on the same VRF. One or more logical or physical interfaces may have a VRF and these VRFs do not share routes. In IP-based computer networks, virtual routing and forwarding ( VRF) is a technology that allows multiple instances of a routing table to co-exist within the same router at the same time.
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